INTRODUCTION
Chlorine does not occur free in nature,but its compounds are common minerals, and it is the 20th most abundant element in Earth's crust.It is an active element,reacting with water,organic compounds and many metals.
Chlorine gas has an irritating odour and in large concentration is dangerous.It was the first substance used as a poison gas in World War I.Its solutions in water are familiar in the home as bleaching agents.
BASIC INFORMATIONS
- Atomic Number
- 17
- Atomic Mass
- 35.446
- Atomic radius
- 0.099
- Ionization energy
- 1255
- Electronic config
- 2,8,7
- Principal Valency
- -1
- Density g/cm³
- 0.00159
- Melting point °C
- 101.5
- Boiling point °C
- 34.04
- Type of Element
- non-metal
- Electronegativity
- 3.0
- Element Category
- Halogen
- Appearance
- Greenish Yellow
- Block
- p-block
- Period
- 3
- Group
- 17
- No of Isotopes
- 24
- Occurrence
- Combine form
- Abundance in ppm
- 126
- Year of Discovery
- 1774
EXTRACTION
It is extracted by the electrolysis of its solution.
OXIDATION STATES
+7,+6,+5,+4,+3,+2,+1,-1 (Strongly acidic)
MAJOR SOURCE
Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
EXAMPLES OF COMPOUND PRESENT
Hyrochloric acid, Sodium Chloride, Trichloromethane
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
* Chlorine is used as a bleaching agent for cotton,linen and wood-pulp,but it is too strong for bleaching animal fibres like silk and wool.
* It is used in the sterilization of water for domestic and industrial use and in the treatment of sewage.
* It is widely in the manufacture of plastic which is commonly known as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and synthetic rubber.
* It is used to manufacture important oeganic solvents such as trichloromethane,tetrachloromethane,trichloroethene and trichloroethanal(Chloral).
