INTRODUCTION
Iodine is a lustrous, blue-black, soft substance which sublimes when heated, giving off a violet vapor with a stinging odor like that of chlorine.It is a relatively rare element, ranking about 62nd in abundance on Earth.
It is only slightly soluble in water, but it dissolves readily in an aqueous solution of potassium iodide. It is also soluble in alcohol, chloroform, and other organic reagents.
BASIC INFORMATIONS
- Atomic Number
- 53
- Atomic Mass
- 126.90447
- Atomic radius
- 0.133
- Ionization energy
- 1191
- Electronic config
- 2,8,18,18,7
- Principal Valency
- -1
- Density g/cm³
- 4.94
- Melting point °C
- 113.7
- Boiling point °C
- 184.3
- Type of Element
- Non metal
- Electronegativity
- 2.5
- Element Category
- Halogen
- Appearance
- Blue back solid
- Block
- p-block
- Period
- 5
- Group
- 17
- No of Isotopes
- 37
- Occurrence
- Combine form
- Abundance in ppm
- 0.46
- Year of Discovery
- 1811
EXTRACTION
It is obtained by reduction
OXIDATION STATES
+7,+5,+3,+1,-1 (Strongly acidic)
MAJOR SOURCE
Brines and Chilean nitrate ores.
EXAMPLES OF COMPOUND PRESENT
Potassium iodide, Sodium iodide
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
* Iodine is an essential trace element, present in a hormone of the thyroid gland that is involved in growth-controlling and other metabolic functions.
* In medicine, iodine-alcohol solutions and iodine complexes have been used as antiseptics and disinfectants.
* Iodine compounds are variously use in photography, the making of dyes, and cloud-seeding operations.
* Radioisotopes of iodine are used in medical and other fields of research, whhile in chemistry it's compounds serve as strong oxidizing agents.
