INTRODUCTION
Sodium is a metal that is soft enough to be cut with a knife.It is the seventh most abundant element on the earth's crust by weight as it is found largely in the sea water and in rock salt.
It is a necessary constituent of plant and animal tissue and is found in nature only in the combined state.It oxidizes immediately on exposure to air and reacts violently with water, forming sodium hydroxide and hydrogen
BASIC INFORMATIONS
- Atomic Number
- 11
- Atomic Mass
- 22.98977
- Atomic radius
- 0.157
- Ionization energy
- 496
- Electronic config
- 2,8,1
- Principal Valency
- +1
- Density g/cm³
- 0.97
- Melting point °C
- 97.72
- Boiling point °C
- 883
- Type of Element
- Metal
- Electronegativity
- 0.9
- Element Category
- Alkaline Metal
- Appearance
- Silvery white Solid
- Block
- s-block
- Period
- 3
- Group
- 1
- No of Isotopes
- 20
- Occurrence
- Combine form
- Abundance in ppm
- 22700
- Year of Discovery
- 1807
EXTRACTION
It is extracted by the electrolysis of it's fused salts (often chloride)
OXIDATION STATES
+1,-1 (Strongly Basic)
MAJOR SOURCE
Sodium Chloride
EXAMPLES OF COMPOUND PRESENT
NaCl NaF NaBr NaOH
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
* Custic soda (NaOH) is used in industry for variety purposes which are in the production of several organic and inorganic compounds such as paper,soap,rayon e.t.c.
* It is used in the in the extraction of titanium to reduce titanium tetrachloride to it's metal.
* It is used in the manufacture of tetraethyl lead and as a cooling agent in nuclear reactors.
* Sodium vapour lamps are used for lighting highways.
