INTRODUCTION
Tin is a metal that has been known and used by people since ancient times.It has been found in the tombs of ancient Egyptians and was exported to Europe in large quantities from Cornwall, England, during the Roman period.
It is highly ductile and malleable at a temperature of 100°C.Normally a silver-white metal sometimes called white tin, at temperatures below 13°C it often changes into an allotropic form known as gray tin which is amorphous, grayish powder.
BASIC INFORMATIONS
- Atomic Number
- 50
- Atomic Mass
- 118.71
- Atomic radius
- 0.14
- Ionization energy
- 708
- Electronic config
- 2,8,18,18,4
- Principal Valency
- +4
- Density g/cm³
- 7.27
- Melting point °C
- 231.93
- Boiling point °C
- 2602
- Type of Element
- Metal
- Electronegativity
- 1.8
- Element Category
- Carbon Family
- Appearance
- Silvery white solid
- Block
- p-block
- Period
- 5
- Group
- 14
- No of Isotopes
- 39
- Occurrence
- Combine form
- Abundance in ppm
- 2.1
- Year of Discovery
- N/A
EXTRACTION
It is converted to its oxide and then reduce by carbon
OXIDATION STATES
+4,+3,+2,+1,-4 (Amphoteric)
MAJOR SOURCE
Cassiterite (tinstone)
EXAMPLES OF COMPOUND PRESENT
Stannic acid, Stannous chloride, Stannic oxide
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
* Tin is used as a protective coating for copper vessels, various metals used in the manufacture of tin cans, and similar articles.
* It is used as an alloy with titanium in the aerospace industry and as an ingredient in some insecticides.
* Tin is utilize in the production of the common alloys such as bronze (tin and copper), solder (tin and lead), and type metal (tin, lead, and antimony).
* Tin plating is especially useful in the canning of food and drinks because tin is not poisonous.
