INTRODUCTION
Titanium is extremely brittle metal when cold, but is readily malleable and ductile at a low red heat. It is used principally to make light strong alloys.
It was named titanium in allusion to the strength of the mythological Greek Titans. It was the ninth most abundant elements on the Earth’s crust but is never found in the pure state.
BASIC INFORMATIONS
- Atomic Number
- 22
- Atomic Mass
- 47.867
- Atomic radius
- 0.132
- Ionization energy
- 656
- Electronic config
- 2,8,10,2
- Principal Valency
- +2
- Density g/cm³
- 4.5
- Melting point °C
- 1668
- Boiling point °C
- 3287
- Type of Element
- Metal
- Electronegativity
- 1.5
- Element Category
- Titanium Group
- Appearance
- Silvery white solid
- Block
- d-block
- Period
- 4
- Group
- 4
- No of Isotopes
- 26
- Occurrence
- Combine form
- Abundance in ppm
- 6320
- Year of Discovery
- 1791
EXTRACTION
It is extracted by reducing it's oxide to the metal
OXIDATION STATES
+4,+3,+2,+1 (Amphoteric)
MAJOR SOURCE
Ilmenite, Rutile and Sphene
EXAMPLES OF COMPOUND PRESENT
Titanium trichloride, Titanium dioxide, Titanium nitride
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
* Alloyed with aluminum and vanadium,it is used in aircraft for fire walls,outer skin,landing-gear components,hydraulic tubing and engine supports.
* It is used as a replacement for bone and cartilage in surgery and as a pipe and tank lining in the processing of foods.
* Titanium alloys are employed as deoxidizers and denitrogenizers to remove oxygen and nitrogen from molten metals.
* Titanium dioxide,known as titanium white,is a brilliant white pigment used in paints,lacquers,plastics,paper,textiles and rubber.
