INTRODUCTION
Carbon is extremely wide spread in nature as it is an essential constituent of all living matter which are proteins,carbohydrate and fats.It occurs in nature in nearly pure form in diamond and graphite.
It is the seventeenth most abundant element by weight in the earth's crust and has a unique property that enables it to form numerous componds found on earth.The name carbon is derived from the Latin word carbo, meaning charcoal.
BASIC INFORMATIONS
- Atomic Number
- 6
- Atomic Mass
- 12.0096
- Atomic radius
- 0.077
- Ionization energy
- 1086
- Electronic config
- 2,4
- Principal Valency
- 4
- Density g/cm³
- 2.26
- Melting point °C
- 3500
- Boiling point °C
- 4827
- Type of Element
- non-metal
- Electronegativity
- 2.5
- Element Category
- Carbon Family
- Appearance
- Black Solid
- Block
- p-block
- Period
- 2
- Group
- 14
- No of Isotopes
- 15
- Occurrence
- Free and Combine
- Abundance in ppm
- 180
- Year of Discovery
- N/A
EXTRACTION
It is found free in nature and can also be extract by purification of coal.
OXIDATION STATES
+4,+3,+2,+1,0,-1,-2,-3,-4
MAJOR SOURCE
Diamond,Graphite and Coal
EXAMPLES OF COMPOUND PRESENT
CO and Hydrocarbons
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
* Graphite is used for making electrodes,in steel making and metal foundaries,for crucibles,as a lubricant and in pencils.
* Due to the hardness of diamond,it is used industrialy in drills for mining and for cutting glass and metals.
* Coke is used in the in the extraction of iron and production of steel.
* Coal are used as fuel to generate power for steam engine
