INTRODUCTION
Oxygen is the most abundant of all elements.It exists in the free form as dioxygen molecules and makes up 20.9% by volume and 23% by weight of the atmosphere.It is about 88.9% by mass in water.
The human body is made up of about two thirds by the mass of oxygen in the combine state.It has one allotrope which is known as Ozone.
BASIC INFORMATIONS
- Atomic Number
- 8
- Atomic Mass
- 15.99903
- Atomic radius
- 0.074
- Ionization energy
- 1410
- Electronic config
- 2,6
- Principal Valency
- -2
- Density g/cm³
- 0.0014
- Melting point °C
- -218.29
- Boiling point °C
- -182.95
- Type of Element
- non-metal
- Electronegativity
- 3.5
- Element Category
- Chalcogen
- Appearance
- Colourles Gas
- Block
- p-block
- Period
- 2
- Group
- 16
- No of Isotopes
- 20
- Occurrence
- Free and Combine
- Abundance in ppm
- 455000
- Year of Discovery
- 1774
EXTRACTION
It is usually extracted by the fractional distillation of liquid air
OXIDATION STATES
+2,+1,-1,-2
MAJOR SOURCE
Air
EXAMPLES OF COMPOUND PRESENT
CO CaO NO NaOH
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
* Large amounts of oxygen are used in high-temperature welding torches, in which a mixture of oxygen and another gas produces a flame of much higher temperature than is obtained by burning gases in air.
* It is used to manufacture important chemical compounds like tetraoxosulphate(vi)acid,trioxonitrate(v)acid and ethanoic acid.
* Liquid oxygen and fuels are used as propellant for space rockets and also Oxygen-enriched air is used in open-hearth furnaces for steel manufacture.
* Oxygen is administered to patients whose breathing is impaired and also to people in aircraft flying at high altitudes, where their is poor oxygen concentration.
