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Phosphorus

P

INTRODUCTION

Phosphorus is a reactive nonmetallic element that is important to living organisms and has many industrial uses.Many phosphorus compounds are phosphorescent, that is they store light and give it off later.

It exists in three main allotropic forms which are ordinary (or white) phosphorus, red phosphorus, and black phosphorus. Of these, only white and red phosphorus are of commercial importance.

BASIC INFORMATIONS

  • Atomic Number
  • 15
  • Atomic Mass
  • 30.97376
  • Atomic radius
  • 0.110
  • Ionization energy
  • 1012
  • Electronic config
  • 2,8,5
  • Principal Valency
  • +5
  • Density g/cm³
  • 1.82
  • Melting point °C
  • 44.2
  • Boiling point °C
  • 280.5
  • Type of Element
  • non-metal
  • Electronegativity
  • 2.1
  • Element Category
  • Nitrogen Family
  • Appearance
  • Yellow Solid
  • Block
  • p-block
  • Period
  • 3
  • Group
  • 15
  • No of Isotopes
  • 23
  • Occurrence
  • Combine form
  • Abundance in ppm
  • 1120
  • Year of Discovery
  • 1669

EXTRACTION

It is converted to it's oxide and then reduce by carbon

OXIDATION STATES

+5,+4,+3,+2,+1,-1,-2,-3 (Mildly Acidic)

MAJOR SOURCE

phosphate rock and apatite.

EXAMPLES OF COMPOUND PRESENT

Phosphorus(V)oxide Phosphorus(III)chloride

ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE

* Phosphorus compounds are used in clarifying sugar solutions, weighing silk, and fireproofing, and in such alloys as phosphor bronze and phosphor copper.

* White phosphorus is used in the making of rat poison and red phosphorus is used in matches.

* Most phosphorus-containing compounds are used as fertilizers.

* Phosphorus oxide is used as a reducing agent.

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